如果我运行一个简单的ansible剧本,那么经常会从失败的任务中获得难以阅读的输出,如下所示。大问题:

  • 标准输出中的换行符打印为\n,而不是实际的换行符。这使得诸如python追溯之类的东西非常令人讨厌。
  • stdout,stderr,cmd ...输出的json blob包含很多有用的东西,但是由于它们都在同一行上一起运行,因此
    人类很难解析。

  • 我如何能以易于阅读的格式打印其输出,以便进行调试?

    这是令人讨厌的输出:
    $ ansible-playbook playbooks/backUpWebsite.yml 
     
    PLAY [localhost]  
    *************************************************************** 
     
    TASK [command]  
    ***************************************************************** 
    fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "python -c 'ksjfasdlkjf'", "delta": "0:00:00.037459", "end": "2017-10-03 19:58:50.525257", "failed": true, "rc": 1, "start": "2017-10-03 19:58:50.487798", "stderr": "Traceback (most recent call last):\n  File \"<string>\", line 1, in <module>\nNameError: name 'ksjfasdlkjf' is not defined", "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": [], "warnings": []} 
            to retry, use: --limit @<snip>playbooks/backUpWebsite.retry 
     
    PLAY RECAP  
    ********************************************************************* 
    localhost                  : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0 failed=1    
    

    这是生成它的脚本:
    --- 
    - hosts: localhost 
      gather_facts: False 
      tasks: 
          #wrong on purpose! 
        - shell: "python -c 'ksjfasdlkjf'" 
          register: unobtainable 
    

    请您参考如下方法:

    为了能够尊重输出中的换行符,以便您可以读取失败任务的标准输出,将stdout_callback更改为“minimum”。

    在您的ansible.cfg中,更改stdout_callback选项:

    stdout_callback=minimal 
    

    “最小”输出有点简洁,但是它会打印有关换行符的输出,以便您可以看到正在发生的情况:
     $ ansible-playbook playbooks/backUpWebsite.yml 
     localhost | FAILED | rc=1 >> 
     Traceback (most recent call last): 
       File "<string>", line 1, in <module> 
     NameError: name 'ksjfasdlkjf' is not defined 
     
             to retry, use: --limit @<snip>/playbooks/backUpWebsite.retry 
    

    我听到的其他事情可以起作用
  • 您可以为stdout编写自己的回调处理程序。 People have done this似乎很简单,但是我从未尝试过。

  • 我尝试过的无效的操作:

    三个vs 。使用“ansible-playbook -vvv”。您会得到大量输出,其中确实包含json很好的换行符,但是不会输出stdout输出中的换行符,因此仍很难阅读stdout/stderr:
    $ ansible-playbook playbooks/backUpWebsite.yml -vvv 
    Using <snip>/ansible.cfg as config file 
     
    PLAYBOOK: backUpWebsite.yml **************************************************** 
    1 plays in playbooks/backUpWebsite.yml 
     
    PLAY [localhost] *************************************************************** 
     
    TASK [command] ***************************************************************** 
    task path: <snip>/playbooks/backUpWebsite.yml:6 
    Using module file <snip>/ansible/lib/ansible/modules/core/commands/command.py 
    <127.0.0.1> ESTABLISH LOCAL CONNECTION FOR USER: <snip> 
    <127.0.0.1> EXEC /bin/sh -c 'echo ~ && sleep 0' 
    <127.0.0.1> EXEC /bin/sh -c '( umask 77 && mkdir -p "` echo <snip>/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205 `" && echo ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205="` echo <snip>/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205 `" ) && sleep 0' 
    <127.0.0.1> PUT /tmp/tmpumtlourx TO <snip>/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205/command.py 
    <127.0.0.1> EXEC /bin/sh -c 'chmod u+x <snip>/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205/ <snip>/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205/command.py && sleep 0' 
    <127.0.0.1> EXEC /bin/sh -c '<snip>/anaconda3/bin/python <snip>/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205/command.py; rm -rf "<snip>/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1507083519.4247632-54588405727205/" > /dev/null 2>&1 && sleep 0' 
    fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => { 
        "changed": true, 
        "cmd": "python -c 'ksjfasdlkjf'", 
        "delta": "0:00:00.037657", 
        "end": "2017-10-03 20:18:39.843933", 
        "failed": true, 
        "invocation": { 
            "module_args": { 
                "_raw_params": "python -c 'ksjfasdlkjf'", 
                "_uses_shell": true, 
                "chdir": null, 
                "creates": null, 
                "executable": null, 
                "removes": null, 
                "warn": true 
            }, 
            "module_name": "command" 
        }, 
        "rc": 1, 
        "start": "2017-10-03 20:18:39.806276", 
        "stderr": "Traceback (most recent call last):\n  File \"<string>\", line 1, in <module>\nNameError: name 'ksjfasdlkjf' is not defined", 
        "stdout": "", 
        "stdout_lines": [], 
        "warnings": [] 
    } 
            to retry, use: --limit @<snip>/sys/ansible_readynet/playbooks/backUpWebsite.retry 
     
    PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************* 
    localhost                  : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    
    

    信用

    I posted this issue反对github上的ansible,希望说服人们使用ansible的默认值是无济于事的。 jhawkesworth帮助我介绍了“最小” stdout回调。

    此后,我发现 this page in the ansible documentation以非常非突出的方式提及了此插件。

    恕我直言,从ansible获取可读取错误输出的 secret 对于新用户来说太隐秘了,我亲眼目睹了我认识的使用ansible的一些人。


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